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Biological detergent
A biological detergent is a laundry detergent that contains enzymes harvested from micro-organisms such as bacteria adapted to live in hot springs.〔(www.spolem.co.uk: Industrial uses of enzymes )〕 The description is commonly used in the United Kingdom, where other washing detergents are described as "non-biological" (or bio and "non-bio"). Most manufacturers of biological detergents also produce non-biological ones.
==Function==
Biological detergents clean in the same way as non-biological ones with additional effects from the enzymes, whose purpose is to break down protein, starches and fat in dirt and stains on clothing to be laundered, for example food stains, sweat and mud.
Tests by the Consumers' Association in the UK published in their Which? magazine rated the cleaning performance of washing powders based on stain removal, whiteness, and colour fading. It was found that the performance of various makes of biological powders ranged from 58% to 81%, and non-biological powders scored from 41% to 70%. The enzymes in biological detergents enable effective cleaning at lower temperatures than required by normal detergents, but are denatured at higher temperatures〔—about 50 °C is recommended.〔(Which magazine study. Also available online to subscribers at )〕 A biological detergent can contain α-amylase, a cellulase, a protease and a lipase.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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